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The material in this collection was originally housed in binders in Barney Rosset's New York apartment, and cover his personal and professional endeavors as a radical publisher, intellectual, and overall man of letters. It consists of writings, letters, photographs, interviews, films, catalogs, publishing files related to both Grove Press and Evergreen Review, and extensive biographical information on Rosset. The entire collection has been rehoused into archival quality boxes and folders. Each binder had been labeled, generally with some sort of topical or chronological designation. In most cases the binder labels will be retained as file titles, and the subdivisions within binders have become folders and retained, to a great extent, the titles assigned to them by the creator. In some cases the staff of the RBML altered or elaborated on existing folder titles for general clarity and ease of research. In some cases, the collection contains both original and typed (or transcribed) copies, the latter often taking the form of computer printouts that were originally held in binders marked "Master" or "Master Disk" to indicate their contents were on computer disks. These original binder titles have been kept throughout the finding aid.

Writers represented in the correspondence files are Margaret Anderson, Sherwood Anderson, George Antheil, Djuna Barnes, Clive Bell, Malcolm Cowley, E.E. Cummings, John Dos Passos, Ford Madox Ford, Ernest Hemingway, Richard Hughes, Eugene Jolas, Archibald MacLeish, H.L. Mencken, Henry Miller, Adrienne Monnier, Man Ray, Elmer Rice, Jules Romains, Gertrude Stein, John Steinbeck, Allen Tate, Carl Van Vechten, Robert Penn Warren, and Edmund Wilson. Galantiere's best known work as a translator was that of the writings of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, and the collection contains in addition to correspondence, twelve manuscripts, all bearing the author's and the translator's corrections. He also wrote extensively on economic subjects and current history, and these files and manuscripts are present in the collection. Galantiere wrote plays in his own name and adapted Jean Anouilh's ANTIGONE for Katharine Cornell in 1946, and there are materials relating to these works.