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The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM), organized in 1810, was the first successful North American agency dedicated to foreign missions. ABCFM existed until 1961 when it merged with the Board of International Missions to form the United Church Board for World Ministries. The collection concerns missions in South Africa in Rhodesia and Zulu; missions in Asia including Turkey, India, Japan, and China; missions in the Philippine Islands; and ABCFM organization in general.

Frank Joseph Rawlinson was a Baptist missionary and lecturer in China, and for over two decades served as editor of The Chinese Recorder. The collection contains notes and drafts of his lectures and research on Christianity in China and Chinese religious culture, correspondence with Abbe Livingston Warnshuis, and other materials.

William Wilberforce Chapin was a Congregational American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary to India. The collection contains journals, correspondence, and field notes.