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Papers documenting Longwell's influential career in publishing and journalism. There are files of correspondence with such notables as Sir Winston Churchill, Ernest Hemingway, Thomas Hart Benton, the Duke and Duchess of Windsor, Christopher Morley, and H.L. Mencken as well as artists such as Tom Lea and Peter Hurd. Also, correspondence and memoranda dealing with the Time-Life organization, among them an extensive series of letters from Henry R. Luce and various editors of the magazines.

Correspondence, manuscripts, dispatches, documents, clippings and other printed materials concerning his career as an editor and correspondent for the New York Herald Tribune in Moscow, Berlin and New York, as a staff member of the Institute of Pacific Relations from 1932 to 1934, as deputy director in the Office of War Information overseas branch, 1941-44, as an owner and editor of the New York Star, 1948-49, as an instructor in communications at Sarah Lawrence College, 1950-1951, as a book editor at Simon and Schuster, Publishers, 1951-1970, and as an author and translator.

Correspondence, manuscripts, notes, memoranda, notebooks, notecards, proofs, photographs, microfilms, and printed materials. The Papers include the manuscript research materials and correspondence for each of his books except his biography of Theodore Dreiser. Among the correspondents are William Benton, Bruce Catton, Carey McWilliams, Mrs. Fremont Older (Cora Miranda Baggerly Older), and Thornton Wilder.