Lhasa Neighborhood Committee Number Three records, 1953-1974, bulk 1959-1972

Lhasa Neighborhood Committee Number Three records, 1953-1974, bulk 1959-1972

Summary Information

At a Glance

Call No.:
Lhasa NC3 Records
Bib ID:
10634890 View CLIO record
Creator(s):
Akester, Matthew; Khétsun, Tubten, 1941-; Lha-sa grong lhan ang gsum pa,
Repository:
C. V. Starr East Asian Library
Physical Description:
1.67 linear feet (4 boxes)
Language(s):
In Tibetan, with English translations for some documents.
Access:

This collection is available for use by qualified readers in the Rare Book and Special Collections Reading Room, C.V. Starr East Asian Library at Columbia University, with advance notification only. For further details, please consult the C.V. Starr East Asian Library staff at starr@library.columbia.edu or (212) 854-4318.

Description

Scope and Content

Collection of nearly 100 documents, mostly handwritten in Tibetan, produced or gathered by the Neighborhood Committee Number Three (Tib. Grong lhan ang gsum pa) in Lhasa, primarily from 1959-1972. About one-third of the materials are handwritten registries from 1959-1961, listing residents, personal property, and alleged crimes. A second set of materials include four notebooks and other statements documenting struggle sessions against Lhamon Yeshe Tsultrim (Tib. Lha-smon Ye-shes-tshul-khrims, 1913-77), a senior secretary for the Panchen Lama at Tashilhunpo Monastery. In sum, these papers constitute primary resources for the study of the Democratic Reforms campaign (Tib. Dmangs gtso bco ʼgyur ; Ch. Min zhu gai ge), as implemented in Tibet. The remaining materials date to the Cultural Revolution, particularly 1966-1972, and include the personal files of previous landowners, transcripts of self-criticisms, and several other autobiographical statements. The collection also includes a handful of published documents (handbills, study-books, and speeches).

English translations, by Matthew Akester and Tupten Khétsun, are filed with many of the documents.

Arrangement

Organized into four series: Series I. The Uprising of 1959 and "Democratic Reform" 1959-1963; Series II. Anti-Panchen Campaign (1964-1966) and Lha smon Ye shes tshul khrims files, 1965-1969; Series III. Cultural Revolution (1966-1976); Series IV. Public documents, bulk 1960-1974.

Using the Collection

Restrictions on Access

This collection is available for use by qualified readers in the Rare Book and Special Collections Reading Room, C.V. Starr East Asian Library at Columbia University, with advance notification only. For further details, please consult the C.V. Starr East Asian Library staff at starr@library.columbia.edu or (212) 854-4318.

Terms Governing Use and Reproduction

Columbia University is providing access to the materials in the Library's collections solely for noncommercial education and research purposes. The unauthorized use, including, but not limited to, publication of the materials without the prior written permission of Columbia University is strictly prohibited. All inquiries regarding permission to publish should be submitted in writing to the Director, C.V. Starr East Asian Library, Columbia University. In addition to permission from Columbia University, permission of the copyright owner (if not Columbia University) and/or any holder of other rights (such as publicity and/or privacy rights) may also be required for reproduction, publication, distributions, and other uses. Responsibility for making an independent legal assessment of any item and securing any necessary permissions rests with the persons desiring to publish the item. Columbia University makes no warranties as to the accuracies of the materials or their fitness for a particular purpose.

Preferred Citation

Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Lhasa Neighborhood Committee Number Three records; series #, box # and folder #; C.V. Starr East Asian Library, Columbia University.

Related Material

Six published monographs received with the records were separated from the collection and individually catalogued in the Columbia University Libraries' online catalog. They can be identified by searching "Lhasa Neighborhood Committee Number Three records," and requested for onsite consultation during scheduled hours in the Rare Book and Special Collections Reading Room, C.V. Starr East Asian Library. In the finding aid, these publications are also listed under Series IV: Subseries 3: Publications.

Accruals

Materials may have been added to the collection since this finding aid was prepared. Contact starr@library.columbia.edu for more information.

About the Finding Aid / Processing Information

Columbia University Libraries, C. V. Starr East Asian Library

Processing Information

Finding Aid created 2016-04 by Lauran R. Hartley and Tenzin Yewong Dongchung.

Revision Description

2016-05-06 File created.

2016-05-06 XML document instance created by Catherine C. Ricciardi

2019-05-20 EAD was imported spring 2019 as part of the ArchivesSpace Phase II migration.

Biographical / Historical

The Lhasa Neighborhood Committee Number Three (Tib. Lha-sa grong lhan ang gsum pa) was one of twelve residential administrative units established in Lhasa in 1959 and charged with local governance and social control as part of the transition to direct Chinese Communist rule. Neighborhood committees (Ch. Ju min wei yuan hui) were formed across China and continue to operate today. Committee Number Three, seated in the northern sector of Lhasa, was responsible for Tibetans living in the traditional Tibetan courtyard residences of Jamyang Shar, Jamyang Kyil, Jamyang Tara, etc. Among its preliminary duties were the categorization of the population by class background, the determination of individuals suspected of involvement in the Lhasa Uprising, the confiscation of any firearms still in private hands, and the listing of property and assets, which were appropriated by the state in the course of the "Democratic Reforms" campaign conducted throughout central Tibet over the following years. Shortly after the escape of the Fourteenth Dalai Lama and the Chinese government takeover in March 1959, the Committee surveyed local residents to record the weapons, livestock, property, etc. held by each family. In 1964, the Committee was instrumental in implementing the Anti-Panchen Campaign, and from 1966-1976 the Committee held meetings and kept records and personal files for struggle sessions and other activities during the Cultural Revolution.

Subject Headings

The subject headings listed below are found in this collection. Links below allow searches for other collections at Columbia University, through CLIO, the catalog for Columbia University Libraries, and through ArchiveGRID, a catalog that allows users to search the holdings of multiple research libraries and archives.

All links open new windows.

Genre/Form
Administrative records
Diaries
Handbills
Notebooks
Registers (Lists)
Name
Ye-śes-tshul-khrims, Lha-smon
Place
China -- History -- Cultural Revolution, 1966-1976 -- Archives
Lhasa (China) -- History -- 20th century -- Archives
Subject
Citizens' associations -- China -- Lhasa -- Archives
Tibetans -- China -- Lhasa -- 20th century -- Archives

Series I, The Uprising of 1959 and "Democratic Reforms," 1959-1963, 1959, 1959-1963

The date ranges for each series refer to the creation of the materials, not necessarily the subject.


Subseries I.1, Personal Statements

This file contains autobiographical statements, self-criticisms, and eyewitness accounts authored by individuals in the neighborhood. These materials were written in conjunction with the introduction of "Democratic Reforms" [dmangs gtso bcos ʼgyur] in Lhasa, starting in 1959. Arranged by personal name of subject as spelled on the document, with alternative spellings of the name in parentheses. All translations are in English, and rendered by Matthew Akester and Tupten Khétsun, unless otherwise noted.


Box 1 Folder 1

Blo bzang dbang ldan (Lozang Wangden)

Autobiographical statement.

(Translation available.)


Box 1 Folder 2

Blo bzang lhun grub (Lozang Lhündrup), (2 sheets)

Confession of monk regarding his presence at Norbu Lingka [Norbulingka] in March 1959.

(Translation available.)


Box 1 Folder 3

Blo bzang tshe dbang (Lozang Tsewang)

Statement about the activities of Blo bzang tshe dbang during the late 1950s including trip to India.

(Translation available.)

(See also Box 1, Folder 30: Weapons: Blo Bzang tshe dbang.)


Box 1 Folder 4

Bshes gnyen blo gsal (Shenyen Losel), (3 items)

Autobiographical statement by resident of Jamyang Tara House, and two accounts of his estate property.

(Translation available.)


Box 1 Folder 5

Ngag dbang chos dar (Ngakwang Chödar)

Autobiographical statement, culminating in the events of 1959.

(Translation available.)


Box 1 Folder 6

Ngag dbang chos ldan (Ngakwang Chöden); Me chog (Mechok)

Statement by [author unidentified] entitled "Mig chog gi gnas tshul," concerning the allegedly criminal activities of Ngakwang Chöden and Mechok, residents of Jamyang House.

(Translation available.)


Box 1 Folder 7

Padma don grub or Pad ma don grub (Pema Döndrup)

Autobiographical statement, concerning his former salary and current assets.

(Translation available.)


Box 1 Folder 8

Spen pa (Penpa)

Autobiographical statement, describing events at Drapchi Prison in March1959.

(Translation available.)


Box 1 Folder 9

Thub bstan rnam dag (Tupten Namdak)

Autobiographical statement.

(Translation available.)


Box 1 Folder 10

Tshe chos (Tsechö), 1960?

Self-criticism by resident of Ngal rtsol srang lam.

(Translation available.)


Subseries I.2, Registers

The general and subcommittee registers of people, property, and weapons, list in table-format the name, address, age, gender, class category, place of origin and comments for each resident.

(See also: Series I, Subseries 1: Bshes gnyen blo gsal)


People


Box 1 Folder 11

Neighborhood Register, 1960 May 7, 1960, (58 pages, incomplete)

Includes: (a) preliminary assessment of residents in various parts of the neighborhood in the aftermath of the 1959 uprising, according to whether they are in custody, at home after making a confession, disappeared, dead or departed for India; (b) list of alleged crimes committed during the uprising and their informants; (c) list of residents under the new subcommittees according to their former occupations and involvement in the uprising.


Box 1 Folder 12

Subcommittee Number 1, (6 sheets)

Register of 132 residents.


Box 1 Folder 13

Subcommittee Number 2, (4 sheets)

Register of 136 residents.


Box 1 Folder 14

Subcommittee Number 3, (6 sheets)

Register of 210 residents.


Box 1 Folder 15

Subcommittee Number 4, (4 sheets)

Register of 153 residents.


Box 1 Folder 16

Subcommittee Number 5, (4 sheets)

Register of 97 residents.


Box 1 Folder 17

Subcommittee Number 6, (4 sheets)

Register of 94 residents.


Box 1 Folder 18

Subcommittee Number 1 of Neighborhood Committee Number 8 (Tib. Grong lhan ang brgyad paʼi tshogs chung dang po),, 1959

Register of 180 residents, including ethnicity, education, religion and occupation.


Box 1 Folder 19

Mnyam las u yon lhan khang gi riʼu mig, 1960 September 19, 1960

Register of 10 individuals in the Cooperative Street Neighborhood Committee, who were subject to detention, surveillance or re-education for involvement in the uprising.


Box 1 Folder 20

Dmangs gtso skyar zhibs skabs kyi gnas tshul bsdom tho, 1960, (9 sheets)

Register of changes in the class categories of residents and confiscation of their property as a result of the 1960 Re-examination Campaign.

(Translation available.)


Property

Registers of animals and other forms of wealth.

(Arranged by resident, with residence in parentheses.)


Box 1 Folder 21

General register of valuables sold [to the state] or still in possession of residents, 1961 May 20, 1961


Box 1 Folder 22

Mkhyen rab brtan pa (ʼJams dbyangs shar)

List of property belonging to Khyenrap Tenpa of Jamyang Shar House, on Cooperative Street.

(Translation available.)


Box 1 Folder 23

Ngag dbang ʼbyor ldan (Dbang bdung khang gsar)

List of property and money [confiscated?] from Ngakwang Jorden of Wangdüng Khangsar House.


Box 1 Folder 24

Ngag dbang chos dar ; Skal bzang kun dgaʼ (Nga thang khyod thang)

List of estate property [formerly?] belonging to Ngakwang Chödar and Kelzang Künga of Ngatang Kyötang House.

(See also Series I, Subseries 1: Personal Statements.)


Box 1 Folder 25

ʼPhrin las chos ʼphel (Mchod pa khang)

List of property belonging to Trinlé Chöpel of Chöpakhang House.

(Translation available.)


Box 1 Folder 26

Rnam rgyal rgya mtsho (ʼJam dbyangs shar)

List of property belonging to Namgyel Gyatso of Jamyang Shar House.

(Translation available.)


Box 1 Folder 27

Thub bstan rab rgyas (ʼJam dbyangs dkyil)

List of property belonging to Tupten Rapgyé of Jamyang Kyil.

(Translation available.)


Box 1 Folder 28

Tshe dpal (Sog steng)

List of the property belonging to Tsepel of Sokteng House.

(Translation available.)


Weapons


Box 1 Folder 29

Grong lhan bdun paʼi ʼkhungs gis me mdaʼ phyis ʼgyar gis riʼu [sic] smig, 1960 February21, 1960

Register of firearms submitted or confiscated under Subcommittee Number 7.

(Translation available.)


Box 1 Folder 30

Blo bzang tshe dbang (Lozang Tsewang), 1960 February 17, 1960

Statement on weapons and bullets used by Lozang Tsewang.

(Translation available.)

(See also Box 1, Folder 3: Blo Bzang tshe dbang.)


Box 1 Folder 31

Bstan pa mkhyen rab (Tenpa Khyenrap)

Statement on weapons in possession of Tenpa Khyenrap, resident of Jamyang Kyil [ʼJam dbyangs kyil (dkyil?)], as witnessed in January 1959.

(Translation available.)


Box 1 Folder 32

Gting skyes sprul sku[?], 1960 February 17, 1960

Statement by Tingkyé Trülku on weapons confiscated by the Peoples Liberation Army.


Box 1 Folder 33

Ur-rgyan chos rgron [sic] dang Ngag dbang mjon ldan gnyi [sic)] gi men [sic] mdaʼ gnas tshul yig shub,, 1960, (7 items)

Documents regarding Urgyen Chödrön [O rgyan chos sgron or Dbu rgyan chos sgron (above?)] and Ngakwang Jorden's possession of firearms, including statements by the accused, a blank form for registering escapees and a register of missing firearms/weapons in Subcommittee Number 7.

(Translation available.)


Subseries I.3, Reports


Box 1 Folder 34

Spyi lo 1962 loʼi ʼOd zer grong lhan gsum paʼi bde ʼjags bde khag gi las don ʼjug bsdoms ʼchar gzhi = [Annual report for 1962 from the security office of Brilliant Neighborhood Committee Number 3], 1963 February, 1962, 1962, 1963, (4 sheets); manuscript

(Translation available.)

Series II, Anti-Panchen Campaign (1964-1966) and Lha smon Ye shes tshul khrims files, 1965-1969


Notebooks


Box 4 Folder 1-2

1965-1966, (2 notebooks)

Diary, in two parts, detailing the activities of [Lha smon?], including his travel from Beijing to Lhasa in 1965. The second notebook covers 1966.


Box 4 Folder 3-4

1965 December, 1965, (2 notebooks)

Firsthand record of meetings for "patriots".


Box 4 Folder 5

1966 August 26, 1966, (15 pages)

Firsthand record of meetings for "patriots" at start of the Cultural Revolution.


Box 4 Folder 6

Undated, (50 pages)

Detailed denunciation of the Tenth Panchen Lama and other associated persons: Lha smon Ye shes tshul khrims, Ta bla Ngag dbang sbyin pa, and others.


Box 4 Folder 7

Undated, (18 pages, incomplete)

Notebook from an interrogation during the Anti-Panchen Campaign.

(The subject of this document is probably Lha smon Ye shes tshul khrims and the questioner's fellow Nang ma sgang officials.)


Other Formats


Box 2 Folder 1

1966 September 16, 1966, (6 sheets)

Autobiographical statement by Lha smon Ye shes tshul khrims [Lhamön Yeshé Tsültrim], resident of ʼOd zer lam.

(Incomplete translation available.)


Box 2 Folder 1

1966 September 17, 1966, (6 sheets)

Self-criticism, maybe written by Lha smon Ye shes tshul khrims [Lhamön Yeshé Tsültrim])


Box 2 Folder 2

1969 January, 1969, (1 sheet)

Letter by [author not identified] regarding 1958 and Panchen Lama.

Series III, Cultural Revolution (1966-1976)


Subseries III.1, Personal files, 1966-1976 (see also: Series I, Subseries 1, Personal statements), 1966-1976

The personal files list the individual's residence (street and door), name, gender, age, birthplace, class origin, occupation, description of event, personal history, primary social relations, and background on family members. To see details for each person, consult the accompanying spreadsheet (Excel;CSV)


Box 2

A-sgron (Adrön)

(Envelope only)


Box 2

Bde chen (Dechen)


Box 2

Bde chen dbyangs skyid (Dechen Yangkyi)


Box 2

Blo bzang (Lozang)


Box 2

Blo bzang chos ʼphel (Lozang Chöpel)


Box 2

Blo bzang don ʼgrub (Lozang Döndrup)


Box 2

Blo bzang phun shogs [sic?] (Lozang Püntsok or Blo bzang phun tshogs)


Box 2

Bsod nams bde skyid (Sönam Dekyi)


Box 2

Bstan ʼdzin chos ʼphel (Tendzin Chöpel)


Box 2

Byams pa bkris (Jampa Trashi or Byams pa bkra shis)


Box 2

Dbyangs can (Yangchen)


Box 2

Dbyangs can sgrol dkar (Yangchen Drölkar)


Box 2

Dpal ldan chos ʼdzom (Penden Chödzom)


Box 2

Lhag pa bu khrid (Lhakpa Butri)


Box 2

Lung rigs (Lungrik)


Box 2

Mtshams bcod (Tsamchö)


Box 2

Pad sgron ; Ngag dbang rdo rje (Pedrön ; Ngakwang Dorjé)


Box 2

Phun tshogs tshe ring (Püntsok Tsering)


Box 2

Rig ʼdzin mgon po (Rindzin Gönpo)


Box 2

Rig ʼdzin sgrol dkar (Rindzin Drölkar)


Box 2

Skal bzang bde skyid (Kelzang Dekyi)


Box 2

Spen pa sgrol dkar (Penpa Drölkar)


Box 2

Srid dbyangs (Tseyang or Srid yong)


Box 2

Srid thar tshe ring (Sitar Tsering)


Box 2

Stobs rgyal (Topgyel)


Box 2

Tshe brtan sgrol ma (Tseten Drölma)


Box 2

Tshe dbang sgrol ma (Tsewang Drölma)


Box 2

Tshe dpag Chos sgron (Tsepak Chödrön)


Box 2

Tshe dpal (Tsepel)


Box 2

Tshe ring chos ʼdzoms (Tsering Chödzom)


Box 2

Tshe ring chos sgron (Tsering Chödrön)


Box 2

Tshe ring dbyang skyid (Tsering Yangkyi)


Box 2

Tshe ring gsung sgron (Tsering Sungdröl)


Box 2

Tshe sgrol dkar (Tse Drölkar)


Box 2

Yid chos (Yichö or Yi chos)


Box 2

Zla ba sgrol ma (Dawa Drölma)


Subseries III.2, Petitions


Box 3 Folder 1

Petitions from residents of Subcommittee Number 3 asking to be excused from labor duty at Spo bo bkra mo (Powo Tramo),, undated, (9 petitions)


Subseries III.3, Self-Criticisms

(Arranged by name.)


Box 3 Folder 2

Bkris dbang ʼdus (Trashi Wangdü or Bkra shis dbang ʼdus), 1965, (2 items)


Box 3 Folder 3

Bsod nams dbang rgyal (Sönam Wangyel), 1971 December 30, 1971, (4 sheets)


Box 3 Folder 4

Ngag dbang tshe brtan (Ngakwang Tseten), 1971 December 31, 1971, (4 sheets)


Box 3 Folder 5

Phrin las sgrol dkar (Trinlé Drölkar), undated, (2 sheets)


Box 3 Folder 6

Rgyal bstan rnam rgyal (Gyelten Namgyel), 1971 December 31, 1971


Box 3 Folder 7

Unnamed resident of Xinhua Street, 1966 August 18, 1966


Subseries III.4, Statements on the death of Mao Zedong (September 1976)


Box 3 Folder 8

Byams pa (Jampa), "Chod sems yi ge," 1976 September 18, 1976, (2 sheets)


Box 3 Folder 8

Zla ba skyid pa (Dawa Kyipa), 1976 September 30, 1976, (4 sheets)


Box 3 Folder 8

[author unidentified], "Chos sems yi ge,", undated, (4 sheets)

Series IV, Public documents, bulk, 1960-1974


Subseries IV.1, Notices and leaflets


Box 3 Folder 9

Krung go mi dmangs bcings bkrol dmag Bod dmag khul khang chab srid puʼu, 1960 January, 1960, (8 leaflets)

Series of leaflets issued by the Political Bureau of the Tibet Military District of the Chinese Peoples' Liberation Army. Titles include "Bod ni mes rgyal gyi mngaʼ khongs kha bral du mi rung baʼi cha shas shig yin = [Tibet is an inseparable part of the Motherland]" ; [Urgent notice to participants in the seperatist uprising] ; [Do not be deceived by the counter-revolutionaries] ; [The Liberation Army upholds strict discipline] ; [Do not honor pledges to the counter-revolutionaries] ; [Do not attempt further resistance].

(Translations available.)


Box 3 Folder 10

Mnyam las bde ʼjags lhan khang, 1960 April 11, 1960

Notice from the security office of the Cooperative Street Neighborhood Committee, stating determination to implement the "Three Purities" campaign.

(Translation available.)


Box 3 Folder 11

[Issuing body unidentified]. A-ri btsan ʼdzul la ngo rgol byes nas sems thag gtsang bcad kyis Thaʼi dban bcings ʼgrol btang ste ʼdzam gling zhi bder srung skyob byed dgos = [Oppose U.S Imperialism and resolutely liberate Taiwan for the sake of World Peace],, undated, (2 leaflets)


Subseries IV.2, Speeches (Print or Transcribed)


Box 4 Folder 8

"Gnas tshul la ngos ʼdzin gsal po dang mthun sgril la shugs snon ʼthab ʼrdzing cha bshugs snon bcas byas te dmangs gtsoʼi gsar brje mthar phyin legs sgrub dang spyi tshogs ring lugs kyi sgyur bkod la mthun rkyen skrun ched ʼbad brtson byed rgyu," 1964 October 4, 1964, (81 pages, incomplete); cyclostyle

Speech by Comrade Zhang Guohua.


Box 3 Folder 12

"Sham [gsham] du Maʼo kruʼu zhiʼi gsung gtsom [rtsom] nang gsal gis [gyis]....," 1965 November 9, 1965, (1 sheet)

Proclamation on the necessity of Socialist re-education and serving the people in accord with Mao Zedong thought.


Subseries IV.3, Publications

Booklets and other monographs acquired with the Lhasa Neighborhood Committee Number Three records and cataloged in CLIO to enhance discovery and access. To locate these items, search "Lhasa Neighborhood Committee Number Three" in the CLIO catalog. These materials do not circulate, but can be requested for onsite reading during scheduled hours in the Rare Book and Special Collections Reading Room of the C.V. Starr East Asian Library.


Byor med gral rim gi gsar brje mthar phyin pa byed paʼi snying stobs dar spel gtong dgos [= Develop the courage to see the proletarian revolution through to the end: concerning the courage of the broad masses of military and civilians in Nying khri prefecture in defense against forest fires regardless of hardship and even risk of death]. Propaganda section, Political Affairs Department of the Tibet Autonomous Region Revolutionary Committee, 1970 July, 1970, (76 pages)

Tibetan-translation of a communique regarding Linzhi Diqu, by the TAR Government from the Cultural Revolution period.

CLIO Link


Grong gseb mi dmangs kung hreʼi bdag gnyer do dam gi slob sbyong yig cha [= Study documents on the management of the people's communes]. Translated by the Tibet Autonomous Region Agropastoral Bureau, 1974 October 1974, 1974, October 1974, (93 pages)


Krung dbyang mi dmangs srid gzhung gi srid don spyi khyab khang gi grong gseb gi gral rim gi khreng phun dbye ʼbyed byed rgyuʼi skor gi gtan ʼbebs [= Decision of the political directorate of the central peoples' government concerning the distinction of class elements in rural areas, from the 44th session of the political directorate, 1950 August 4]. Reprinted by the Socialist Reform Department of the Tibet Autonomous Region Revolutionary Committee, 1970 November, 1950, 1970, (62 pages)


Krung gung Krung-dbyang gi yig cha: So nam grong tshoʼi spyi tshogs ring lugs kyi slob gsoʼi las ʼgul nang du deng skabs bton paʼi don gnad ʼgaʼ shas (nang khul gyi yig cha) [= Some points emerging from the current Socialist Education campaign in agricultural villages]. Summary of discussions at the National Work Conference called by the CCP Politburo, 1965 January 14, 1965, (24 pages)


Krung hwa mi dmangs spyi mthun rgyal khab dang Hin-du spyi mthun rgyal khab gnyis nas Krung-goʼi Bod sa gnas dang Hin-duʼi bar gyi tshong ʼgrel dang ʼgrim ʼgrul skor gyi gros chod yig cha [= Agreement between PRC and Republic of India on trade and travel between China's Tibet region and India]. (Bilingual edition: Tibetan and Chinese) Beijing: Min zu chu ban she, 1954 (1956 printing), 1954, (71 pages)


Ring sa ta kraʼi la slob sbyong dang nye sa gnyal smad gi rjes zin thub pa byed pa [=Studying the distant example of Dahe and following the nearby example of Gnyal smad Propaganda section]. Bod rang skyong ljongs gsar rjes u yon lhan khang khongs Chab srid las don cuʼu gi dril bsgrags cuʼu [= Political Affairs Department of the Tibet Autonomous Region Revolutionary Committee], volume 1, 1972 December, 1972, (146 pages)